Aircraft investigation >>>>>>> HOME PAGE
weight and performance calculations for the Boeing 747-300
Boeing 747-306(SCD) PH-BUU c/n 23056 at Berlin Tegel (TXL) May 1991
Boeing 747-300
role : jumbo jet
importance : ***
first flight : 5 October 1982 operational : April 1983 (Swissair, UTA)
country : United States of America
ICAO aircraft type designator : B743
production : 81 aircraft
general information :
This version was introduced in 1980. By extending the upper deck, creating space for 69 seats instead of 32, the passenger capacity was increased. Existing -100s and -200s could be converted to this version, as KLM had done, and 81 completely new -300s were built.
KLM 747-206B’s are fitted with extended upper deck at Everett, USA.
The first -300 to be built was the 570e 747 on the production line. KLM ordered 2 new -300s and had 10 -200s converted to -300s. The -300 appeared at a time when demand for large aircraft was in a dip. In 1986 a 747 cost about 100 million USD.
primary users : Swissair, KLM, UTA, South African Airways, Singapore
Accommodation:
flight crew : 3 cabin crew : 13
flight crew : captain, first officer and flight engineer
passengers : seating for 486 in two class : 36 business class and 450 coach class seats
( 34 -in pitch) high density seating for 608 passengers
engine : 4 Pratt & Whitney JT9D-7R4G2 turbofan engines of 243.5 [KN] (54740 [lbf])
dimensions :
wingspan : 59.64 [m], length overall: 70.51 [m], length of fuselage : 68.63 [m]
height : 19.33 [m] wing area gross : 511.0 [m^2] fuselage exterior width : 6.5 [m]
weights :
operating empty weight : 174790 [kg] max. structural payload : 67840 [kg]
Zero Fuel weight (ZFW) : 242630 [kg] max. landing weight (MLW) : 260320 [kg]
max. take-off weight : 371945 [kg] weight usable fuel : 155720 [kg] (198370 [litres])
performance :
Max. operating Mach number (Mmo) : 0.92 [Mach] (979 [km/hr]) at 10667 [m]
critical Mach speed : 0.91 [Mach]
max. cruising speed : 939 [km/hr] (Mach 0.88 ) at 10670 [m] (34 [%] power)
economic cruising speed : 900 [km/hr] (Mach 0.85 ) at 10670 [m]
service ceiling : 13715 [m]
range with max fuel and MTOW : 10925 [km] (ATA domestic fuel reserves - 370.0 [km]
alternate)
description :
cantilever low-wing monoplane with retractable landing gear with nose wheel
engines attached with pylons to the wing, main landing gear attached to the wings,
fuel tanks in the wings and fuselage
Wings : tapered multi-cellular fail safe wing with improved 2324 and 7150 aluminium
alloy stressed skin, with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composite material wing
surfaces and Kevlar fairings with triple slotted trailing edge flaps with Kruger flaps on
the LE wing root and variable-camber LE flaps on outer wing ,with spoilers airfoil :
Boeing airfoil with supercritical cross-section average thickness/chord ratio : 10.7 [%],
sweep angle 3/4 chord: 37.5 [°] incidence : 2.00 [°], dihedral : 7.0 [°]
calculation : *1* (dimensions)
wing chord at root : 16.56 [m]
wing chord at tip : 4.06 [m]
Swissair Boeing 747-357(M) HB-IGD c/n 22705 landing at Palma de Mallorca, September 1995.
taper ratio : 0.245 [ ]
mean wing chord : 8.57 [m]
wing aspect ratio : 6.96 []
Oswald factor (e): 0.670 []
seize (span*length*height) : 81287 [m^3]
calculation : *2* (fuel consumption)
oil consumption : 1.4 [kg/hr]
fuel consumption (econ. cruise speed) : 12270.1 [kg/hr] (15630.7 [litre/hr]) at 25 [%]
power
distance flown for 1 kg fuel : 0.07 [km/kg] at 10670 [m] height, sfc : 50.0 [kg/KN/h]
total fuel capacity : 198370 [litre] (155720 [kg])
calculation : *3* (weight)
weight engine(s) dry : 16064.0 [kg] = 16.49 [kg/KN]
weight 43.6 litre oil tank : 3.70 [kg]
oil tank filled with 6.1 litre oil : 5.5 [kg]
oil in engine 11.9 litre oil : 10.7 [kg]
weight all fuel lines and pumps containing 125 litres fuel : 393.2 [kg]
weight engine cowling : 2532.4 [kg]
weight thrust reversers : 1461.0 [kg]
total weight propulsion system : 20471 [kg](5.5 [%])
***************************************************************
Accommodation cabin facilities:
typical 2-class cabin layout for 486 passengers : economy : pitch : 86.4 [cm] 34.0 [-in]
( 3+4+3 ) seating in 50.1 rows
with upper deck space for 32 first class sleeper seats or 69 economy class seats
weight passenger seats : 2547.7 [kg]
weight cabin crew seats : 65.0 [kg]
weight flight crew seats : 63.0 [kg]
weight 2 jump seats in the cockpit :14.0 [kg]
high density seating passengers : 608 [pax] at mainly 10 -abreast seating in 62.9 rows,
pitch 75.8 [cm] 29.8 [-in]
pax density, normal seating : 0.72 [m2/pax], high density seating : 0.58 [m2/pax]
passenger cabin luxurious spaced for good service, enough space for galleys and toilets
even at HD seating
weight 13 lavatories : 395.4 [kg]
weight 11 galleys : 1443.4 [kg]
weight staircase : 120 [kg]
The 747-300 can accommodate up to 69 seats on the upper deck in an all-economy 34-in pitch arrangement or up to 85 with the galleys removed and 33-in pitch seating. Above picture shows KLM upper deck with first class seating.
weight overhead stowage for hand luggage (total : 45.9 [m3]) : 156.8 [kg]
weight 7 wardrobe closets : 48.6 [kg]
weight 4 movie screens : 87.7 [kg]
weight 102 windows (41 x 28 cm) made of acrylic glass : 279.5 [kg]
weight 12 (1.93 x 1.07 [m]) Type A main entry doors : 961.9 [kg]
weight 3 (main door size : 1.73 x 2.64 [m]) freight doors (belly) : 701.4 [kg]*
total usable belly baggage/cargo hold volume : 187.3 [m3]
underfloor belly hold can accommodate : 30 LD1 containers, netto volume : 147.0 [m3]
and : 28.3 [m3] bulk cargo
cabin volume (usable), excluding flight deck : 895 [m3]
passenger compartment volume : 514 [m3]
passenger cabin max width : 6.13 [m] cabin length : 57.00 [m] max cabin height : 2.54
[m]
floor area : 351.6 [m2]
weight cabin facilities : 6884.5 [kg]
safety facilities:
evacuation time with 608 passengers : 49 [sec]
weight 22 hand fire extinguisher : 66 [kg]
weight cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and flight data recorder (FDR): 20.0 [kg]
weight oxygen masks & oxygen generators (deploy cabin alt.>4267m): 315.9 [kg]
weight emergency flare installation : 10 [kg]
weight 12 emergency evacuation slides : 718.0 [kg]
weight safety equipment & facilities : 1130 [kg]
fuselage construction:
fuselage aluminium frame : 39225 [kg]
floor loading (payload/m2): 193 [kg/m2]
weight rear pressure bulkhead : 550.5 [kg]
fuselage covering ( 1162.1 [m2] duraluminium 3.14 [mm]) : 9742.1 [kg]
weight floor beams : 9292.6 [kg]
weight cabin furbishing : 5886.9 [kg]
weight cabin floor : 5278.4 [kg]
weight (sound proof) isolation : 949.2 [kg] TO-noise level : 98.4 [EPNdB]
weight 64938 [litre] main central fuel tanks empty : 1298.8 [kg]
weight empty 1136 [litre] potable water tanks : 100.5 [kg]
weight empty waste tank : 53.9 [kg]
weight fuselage structure : 72377.6 [kg]
Avionics:
weight VHF radio and Selcal : 9.0 [kg]
weight flight and service attendants intercom : 5.0 [kg]
weight monochromatic weather X-band (3.2cm wavelength) radar system : 25.0 [kg]
Cockpit of KLM 747-306 PH-BUK
weight VOR/ILS,RMI,DME,radio altimeter, ASI, time clock : 20.0 [kg]
digital air data computer meeting ARINC 576 requirements : 33 [kg]
weight Cat IIIA auto-landing system : 10.0 [kg]
weight EFIS (4 Rockwell Collins CRT screens ADI/PFD+HSI/ND displays) : 20 [kg]
weight ground proximity warning system (GPWS) : 6 [kg]
weight 2 Rockwell Collins CRT screens to display EICAS information : 36 [kg]
weight reserve ADI, ASI, alti-meter, compass, engine temp. and rpm indicators : 15 [kg]
weight avionics : 166.0 [kg]
Systems:
Air-conditioning and pressurization system maintains sea level conditions up to 6975 [m]
and gives equivalent of 2200 [m] at 12600 [m]. pressure differential : 0.61 [bar] (kg/cm2)
pressurized fuselage volume : 1507 [m3] cabin air refreshment time : 3.4 [min]
weight air-conditioning and pressurization system : 755 [kg]
weight APU / engine starter (also driving 60KV generator for primary electrical power):
162.8 [kg]
weight lighting : 160.4 [kg]
weight four independent 207 bar hydraulic systems : 343.6 [kg]
weight four engine-driven 60kVA 400Hz 3-phase AC electricity generators : 121.5 [kg]
weight integrated drive generator (IDG) : 25 [kg]
weight ram air turbine for emergency electric power : 5.0 [kg]
weight one 24V 30Ah nickel-cadmium battery : 42.2 [kg]
weight controls : 27.8 [kg]
weight systems : 1638.6 [kg]
total weight fuselage : 82197 [kg](22.1 [%])
***************************************************************
total weight aluminium ribs (2070 ribs) : 12380 [kg]
weight engine mounts : 487 [kg]
UTA 747-3B3(M) F-GETA c/n 23413 at Sydney
weight 6 wing fuel tanks empty for total 134904 [litre] fuel : 2024 [kg]
weight 793 [litre] vent surge tanks : 95 [kg]
weight wing covering (painted aluminium 3.57 [mm]) : 9845 [kg]
total weight aluminium spars (multi-cellular wing structure) : 13499 [kg]
weight wings : 35724 [kg]
weight wing/square meter : 69.91 [kg]
weight thermal leading-edge anti-icing : 65.6 [kg]
weight high & low speed ailerons (20.40 [m2]) : 571.6 [kg]
weight fin (77.1 [m2]) : 2701.1 [kg]
weight rudder (22.9 [m2]) : 770.0 [kg]
weight tailplane (stabilizer) (136.6 [m2]): 5262.5 [kg]
weight elevators (32.50 [m2]): 614.9 [kg]
weight flight control hydraulic servo actuators: 135.5 [kg]
weight triple slotted trailing edge flaps (78.7 [m2] extended) : 1791.9 [kg]
weight leading edge Kruger flaps and slats (48.1 [m2]) : 995.9 [kg]
weight fly-by-wire operated spoilers of graphite composite construction (30.8 [m2]) :
466.8 [kg]
total weight wing construction : 51705 [kg] (29.6 [%])
*******************************************************************
tire pressure main wheels : 13.46 [Bar] (nitrogen), ply rating : 32 PR
tire speed limit : 364 [km/hr]
total tyre footprint : 1.54 [m2]
Runway LCN at MTOW (0.76m radius of rigidity) : 71 [ ]
Aircraft Classification Number (ACN), MTOW on flexible runway and medium subgrade
strength (B) : 61 [ ]
Can only operate from unpaved runways with reduced weight and reduced tyre pressure
wheel pressure : 20457.0 [kg]
wheel track : 11.02 [m] wheelbase : 25.59 [m]
weight 16 Dunlop 49 x 19 main wheels (1240 [mm] by 481 [mm]) : 2773.2 [kg]
weight 2 nose wheels : 173.3 [kg]
weight hydraulic disc wheel-brakes : 242.6 [kg]
weight Duplex anti-skid units : 16.2 [kg]
weight oleo-pneumatic shock absorbers : 323.5 [kg]
weight wheel hydraulic operated retraction system : 3129.9 [kg]
weight undercarriage struts with axle 8834.2 [kg]
total weight landing gear : 15492.9 [kg] (4.2 [%]
*******************************************************************
********************************************************************
calculated empty weight : 169866 [kg](45.7 [%])
weight oil for 14.0 hours flying : 20.8 [kg]
unusable fuel in engine and tanks 1471.9 litre fuel : 1155.4 [kg]
weight lifejackets : 218.7 [kg]
weight 9 life rafts : 303.8 [kg]
weight catering : 728.6 [kg]
weight water : 1005.4 [kg]
weight crew : 1296 [kg]
weight crew luggage, nav. chards, flight doc., miscell. items : 196 [kg]
operational weight empty : 174790 [kg] (47.0 [%])
********************************************************************
weight 486 passengers : 37422 [kg]
weight luggage : 7776 [kg]
weight cargo : 22642 [kg] (cargo + luggage/m3 belly : 152 [kg/m3])
zero fuel weight (ZFW): 242630 [kg](65.2 [%])
weight fuel for landing (1.4 hours flying) : 17690 [kg]
max. landing weight (MLW): 260320 [kg](70.0 [%])
max. fuel weight : 330510 [kg] (88.9 [%])
payload with max fuel : 446 passengers + luggage 41435 [kg]
published maximum take-off weight : 371945 [kg] (100.0 [%])
calculation : * 4 * (engine power)
power loading (Take-off) : 382 [kg/KN]
power loading (Take-off) 1 PUF: 509 [kg/KN]
max. total take-off power : 974.0 [KN]
© bvdz snow covered Schiphol, 7 March 2005 Surinam Airways 747-306(M) PZ-TCM c/n 23508 “ Ronald Elwin Kappel ” on its way to sunny Suriname
calculation : *5* (loads)
manoeuvre load : 0.9 [g] at 9000 [m]
limit load : 2.5 [g] ultimate load : 3.8 [g] load factor : 0.9 [g]
design flight time : 5.50 [hours]
design cycles : 11010 sorties, design hours : 60555 [hours]
max. wing loading (MTOW & flaps retracted) : 728 [kg/m2]
wing stress (2 g) during operation : 173 [N/kg] at 2g emergency manoeuvre
calculation : *6* (angles of attack)
angle of attack zero lift : -1.94 ["]
max. angle of attack (stalling angle, clean) : 11.99 ["]
max. angle of attack (full flaps) : 15.49 ["]
angle of attack at economic cruise speed : 3.82 ["]
calculation : *7* (lift & drag ratios
lift coefficient at angle of attack 0° : 0.16 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. speed : 0.43 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. angle of attack (clean): 1.15 [ ]
max. lift coefficient full flaps : 2.19 [ ]
drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0400 [ ]
drag coefficient at econ. cruise speed : 0.0414 [ ]
induced drag coefficient at econ. cruise speed : 0.0162 [ ]
drag coefficient (zero lift) : 0.0253 [ ]
lift/drag ratio at econ. speed : 10.80 [ ]
calculation : *8* (speeds
take-off decision speed (V1) : 261 [km/u] (141 [kt])
take-off rotation speed (VR) : 308 [km/u] (167 [kt])
minimum unstick speed (Vmu) at TO angle 13.0 ° : 316 [km/u] (171 [kt])
lift-off speed (VLOF) : 348 [km/u] (188 [kt]) at pitch angle : 11.0 [°]
take-off safety speed (V2) : 351 [km/u] (189 [kt])
flap retraction speed (V3) at 500m (OW loaded : 359675 [kg]): 380 [km/u] (205 [kt])
steady initial climb speed (V4) : 376 [km/u] (203 [kt])
climb speed (to FL150 with 66 [%] power) : 622 [km/hr] (336 [kt])
max. endurance speed (Vbe): 738 [km/u] min. fuel/hr : 11970 [kg/hr] at height : 9449 [m]
max. range speed (Vbr): 932 [km/u] (0.90 [mach]) min. fuel consumption : 12.94 [kg/km]
at cruise height : 12192 [m]
max. cruising speed : 939 [km/hr] (507 [kt]) at 10670 [m] (power:26 [%])
max. operational speed (Mmo) : 979 [km/hr] (Mach 0.92 ) at 10667 [m] (power:28 [%])
airflow at cruise speed per engine : 436.7 [kg/s]
speed of thrust jet : 1460 [km/hr]
initial descent speed 10000 - 7315 [m]: Mach 0.72
descent speed 7315 - 3048 [m]: 550 [km/u] (297 [kt])
approach speed 3048 - 500 [m] (clean): 463 [km/u] (250 [kt])
minimum control speed (MCS) Vmca (clean): 342 [km/u] (184 [kt])
stalling speed clean at 500 [m] height at Max.Landing Weight : 260320 [kg]): 310 [km/u]
(168 [kt])
Japan Airlines 747-346 JA8163 landing at Las Vegas (LAS)
final approach speed (landing speed) at sea-level with full flaps VREF (max. landing
weight): 262 [km/u] (141 [kt])
ICAO Aircraft Approach Category (APC) : D
stalling speed at sea-level with full flaps VSO (max. landing weight): 201 [km/u] (109 [kt]
rate of climb at sea-level ROC (loaded, 66 % power) : 1113 [m/min]
rate of climb at sea-level ROC (loaded, 75 % power) : 1428 [m/min]
rate of climb at 1000 [m] with 1 engine out (PUF/MTOW, 100 % power on remaining
engines) : 1143 [m/min]
can not stay on height 1000 [m] with 2 engines out, immediate emergency landing needed
rate of descent from FL240 to FL100 (7315m > 3048m): 914 [m/min] (2999 [ft/min])
rate of descent during approach with landing gear extended, with use of spoilers: 457
[m/min] (8 [m/s])
calculation : *9* (regarding various performances)
high wheel pressure, can only take off from paved runways
ICAO Aerodrome Reference Code : 4E
Brake kinetic energy capacity : 3124 [KW]
FAR Take-off runway length at MTOW 371945kg > 819985 lbs, standard day, sea level : 9800ft > 2985m, seems to low, calculated 3300m, looks more realistic, and according Wikipedia TO-distance is also 3300m
FAR TO balanced runway length (TOFL) requirement at TOW 371945 [kg] standard day
at SL (distance to 10.7m height x 1.15): 3299 [m]
+++ FAA certification landing distance : +++
landing weight : 260320 [kg], TE flap setting : 30 [°]
runway condition : dry , landing over 50ft (15m) at threshold at sea-level
with use of thrust reversers
Landing field length at MLW 260320 kg (574000 lbs) : 6200 ft > 1890m
FAA approved landing field length : 1892 [m] (6206 [ft])
landing distance (C.A.R.) from 15 [m] at SL, wet runway: 2150 [m] (7055 [ft])
max. lift/drag ratio : 12.05 [ ]
climb to 5000 [m] with max payload : 4.16 [min]
climb to 10000 [m] with max payload : 12.79 [min]
descent time from 10000 [m] to 250 [m] : 24.33 [min]
max. ceiling fully loaded (mtow- 60 min.fuel): 359675 [kg] ) : 14700 [m]
ceiling limited by max. pressure differential 15775 [m]
max. theoretical ceiling (OWE + 60 min.fuel) : 18200 [m] with flying weight :187060 [kg]
calculation *10* (action radius & endurance)
range with max. payload: 9055 [km] with 67840.0 [kg] max. useful load (83.0 [%] fuel)*
range with high density pax: 9996 [km] with 608 passengers (90.3 [%] fuel)*
range with typical two-class pax: 10967 [km] with 486 passengers (97.6 [%] fuel)*
Range with max payload (MZFW 242630 kg > 535000 lbs) : 4500 nm > 6665 km
(MLW : 260320 kg = 574000 lbs)
Range with max fuel : 5900 nm > 10925 km
Ferry range with zero payload (OEW 174790 kg > 385000 lbs) : 6775 nm : 12547 km
range with max.fuel : 11295 [km] with 16 crew and 446 passengers and 100.0 [%] fuel*
ferry range (calculated): 12669 [km] with 3 crew and zero payload (100.0 [%] fuel)*
max range theoretically with additional fuel tanks total 254703 [litre] fuel : 15370 [km]*
* calculated ranges without fuel reserves
Available Seat Kilometres (ASK) : 5507717 [paskm]
useful load with range 1000km : 67840 [kg]
useful load with range 1000km : 608 passengers
production (theor.max load): 63702 [tonkm/hour]
production (useful load): 63702 [tonkm/hour]
production (passengers): 478464 [paskm/hour]
oil and fuel consumption per tonkm : 0.193 [kg]
calculation *11* (operating cost)
fuel cost per hour (15631 [litre]):9378 [eur] (31 [pax-km/litre fuel])
fuel cost per seat 1000km flight (510 [pax] 2-class seating): 19.60 [eur/1000PK]
oil cost per hour: 6 [eur]
crew cost per hour : 2250 [eur]
list price 2024 : 306 [mln USD]
average flying hours in 1 year : 4000 [hours] technical life : 15 [year]
real average service life : 18 [years]
depreciation - 18 [years] to 10% residual value
Mahan Air EP-MNE 747-3B3(M) c/n 23480 was one of the last 747-300’s making passenger flights. It is seen here landing at Tehran, February 2015. In October 2015 it had logged 92754 flying hours and 17679 cycles in 29 service years.
economic hours (expected total flying hours): 72000 [hours] is 0 [%] less then cor. design
hours 72000 [hours]
financing interest per flying hour : 1720 [EUR]
write off per flying hour : 3528 [EUR]
time between engine failure : 10086 [hr]
can continue fly on 3 engines, low risk for emergency landing for PUF
workhours per day : 12.45 [hr]
average flight hours till crash : 5.83 [mln hr] (1458 service years)
safe flight hours till fatality : 25805 [hr] (6.5 service years)
reservation pax liability/flying hour : 4.99 [SDR*] (6.24 [eur])
insurance cost per hour : 241 [eur] insurance rate : 0.9 [%]
engine maintenance cost per hour : 1287.4 [eur]
wing maintenance cost per hour : 204.4 [eur]
fuselage maintenance cost per hour : 76.83 [eur]
tire life (time till worn out) : 83 [cycles]
maintenance cost per hour (excluding engines): 5463 [eur]
direct operating cost per hour: 23878 [eur], DOC per km : 26.83 [eur]
DOC per seat 1000km flight (510 [pax] 2-class seating): 49.91 [eur/1000PK]
DOC per seat 1000km flight (high density seating): 41.83 [eur/1000PK]
DOC per kg cargo for a 1000km flight : 0.37 [eur/kg] (= DOC/tonkm)
passenger service charge (depart at Schiphol): 11.34 [eur]
security service charge (depart at Schiphol): 10.08 [eur]
KLM Boeing 747-206B(SUD) PH-BUP “Ganges” c/n 22376 at Schiphol © bvdz
airport take-off fee / passenger : 4.17 [eur/pax]
airport landing fee / passenger : 4.17 [eur/pax]
retour ticket price 1000km trip : 175.28 [eur/pax]
price retour ticket Schiphol-Barcelona : 202.73 [eur/pax]
accidents with fatalities > see the accident file
Literature :
Aircraft Performance Database > B743 (eurocontrol.int)
https://www.boeing.com/commercial/airports/plan-manuals
rescue : https://www.boeing.com/commercial/airports/rescue-fire
Air international apr’94 page 201
Luchtvaart 1984 page 7
KLM gegevens page 17
Kijk jan’86
Jane’s all the world aircraft 1991-92 page 375
confidence rating regarding source data : medium - all information is only available from news, social media or unofficial sources
DISCLAIMER Above calculations are based on published data, they must be
regarded as indication not as facts.
Calculated performance and weight may not correspond with actual weights
and performances and are assumptions for which no responsibility can be taken.
Calculations are as accurate as possible, they can be fine-tuned when more data
is available, you are welcome to give suggestions and additional information
so we can improve our program. For copyright on drawings/photographs/
content please mail to below mail address
(c) B van der Zalm 07 October 2024 contact : info.aircraftinvestigation@gmail.com ac jetpax 2020.py python 3.7.4
***********************************************************************************